作者信息：
刘吉祥 香港大学建筑学院博士研究生
周江评 香港大学建筑学院副教授
摘 要：随着我国城市居民面临的健康威胁日益增加，健康与城市规划交叉的研究和实践正成为各领域关注的热点。上述两个领域交叉的关键之一是在实践层面将健康问题融入到城市规划过程中，而健康影响评估（简称HIA）为此提供了可行的途径。文章介绍了HIA 的定义、HIA 在美国兴起和发展的背景、标准程序，分析了HIA 作用于美国城市规划的方式，并总结美国HIA 发展对我国的启示：我国有开展HIA 的客观需要，可以从政策引导，舆论支持，人才培养等方面，设计适合我国国情的方法、程序和相关规则、规范，从开展HIA 试点着手，引入和发展HIA。文章为HIA 在我国的发展提供了案例及有关的背景知识。
关键词：健康，城市规划，健康影响评估（HIA），环境影响评估（EIA），美国
Abstract ：As urban citizens in China are facing more and more serious health threats,the interdisciplinary research integrating health with urban planning has become a hotspot. The key to combining the above two fields is to incorporate health in the process of urban planning in practice, for which Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a promising avenue. This paper firstly introduced the definition of HIA, the background of HIA’s development in the U.S., and HIA’s standard procedures. Then it analyzed how HIA has been incorporated in the U.S. planning process, and finally proposed some reflections for China, including designing HIA methods, procedures and guidelines within China’s context, and launching pilot HIA projects. This study provided a detailed case and related background knowledge for developing HIA in China.
Keywords：health, urban planning, Health Impact Assessment (HIA), Environment Impact Assessment (EIA), U.S.
文章来源：《城乡规划》2018 NO.3
