基于“时空过程”的特大城市市域半城市化地区识别及其类型特征研究——以福州市为例（2000—2015）
Research on the Identification and Type Characteristics of Semi-urbanized Area of Megacities Based on "Space-time Process": A Case Study on Fuzhou City from 2000 to 2015
作者信息
李志鹏 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院硕士研究生
陈晨 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院副教授，上海市城市更新及其空间优化技术重点实验室 ( 通讯作者 )
摘要 近年来，东亚经济体快速城镇化过程中的半城市化现象受到广泛的关注。我国的快速城镇化催生了大规模的人口和空间的半城市化，且以特大城市郊区最为典型。研究表明，半城市化地区既是极具活力的高增长地带，也是城市蔓延、环境污染、社会分异等问题频发的地区，掌握半城市化地区的发展规律十分重要。相关研究大多从时间断面维度分析和定义半城市化区域，主要关注半城市化的静态描述，而难以描述作为城市核心建成区外围的农村地域，在经济、社会和空间属性上逐渐向城市转变的过程，以及半城市化本身所具有的碎片化、渐进性、过渡性的特征。本文在厘清相关研究成果的基础上，提出基于土地遥感影像数据的单一数据源，以及基于时空过程视角的半城市化地区识别的方法。以福州为例，本文使用建成用地破碎度、农用地占比、时间演变三个维度，在识别城市地区、农业地区的基础上，进一步识别出四种处于不同发展阶段的典型半城市化地区，并将这一分类结果与福州市域乡镇单元的社会经济数据进行叠加分析，即可展现2000—2015 年福州市半城市化地区的时空发展特征。本文提供了识别特大城市半城市化时空过程的简明、有效的技术路径，对半城市化地区的分类引导和精确治理具有借鉴意义。
关键词 特大城市，半城市化，时空过程，识别方法，类型特征
Abstract In recent years, the semi-urbanization phenomenon in the process of rapid urbanization of East Asia has received widespread attention. China's rapid urbanization has led to large-scale semi-urbanization of population and space, among which the suburban areas of megacities are the most typical one. Studies show that semi-urbanized areas are not only highly dynamic and highly developed areas, but also areas where urban sprawl, environmental pollution, and social differentiation are frequent. It is important to grasp the development rules of semi-urbanized areas. Relevant researches mostly study the development and evolution of semi-urbanization within the established boundaries, but ignore the process of gradually transforming the economic, social, and spatial of rural areas as urban periphery of the urban core built-up area. Based on the clarification of related research results, this paper proposes a semi-urban area identification method based on a single data source of land remote sensing image data from the perspective of spatiotemporal processes. Taking Fuzhou as an example, this paper uses the three dimensions of built-up land fragmentation, agricultural land proportion, and time evolution to identify urban and agricultural areas, and further identifies four typical semi-urbanized areas at different development stages. Combining the results of this classification with the socio-economic data of the township units in Fuzhou City can reveal the characteristics of space-time development in the semi-urbanized areas of Fuzhou City from 2000 to 2015. This article provides a concise and effective technical path to identify the spatiotemporal process of semi-urbanization in megacities, which is of significance for planning guidance and precise governance of semi-urbanized areas attributes.
Keywords megacities, peri-urbanization, time-space process, identification method, type characteristics
来源：《城乡规划》2020 NO.6
