城乡统筹背景下乡村公园体系与规划方法研究
Research on Rural Park System and Planning Method under
the Background of Urban-rural Integration
作者信息
詹运洲 上海城市房地产估价有限公司 CEO，上海城策行建筑规划设计咨询有限公司董事长，高级工程师
陆 巍 上海城策行建筑规划设计咨询有限公司项目总监，工程师
郭淳彬 上海城策行建筑规划设计咨询有限公司部门经理，高级工程师
杨宪武 上海城策行建筑规划设计咨询有限公司设计师，助理工程师
肖建莉 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室，讲师（通讯作者）
摘要 在生态文明建设和全面实施乡村振兴战略的背景下，本文通过对上海乡村地区生态空间建设现状和乡村居民休闲游憩需求的调查分析，提出系统性规划和建设乡村公园对提升乡村生态品质和完善乡村公共服务、满足乡村居民日益增长的优美生态环境需求具有重要的意义。通过对乡村公园学术研究的梳理和对典型案例的剖析，本文提出乡村公园具有自主性、开放性、生态性、文化性的特征，并针对不同建设规模和服务半径，与城镇公园体系相对应，认为乡村公园可分为地区及以上级、村居级和微型乡村公园。乡村公园的规划需要满足生态优先、需求导向、因地制宜、资源整合的基本原则，对生态景观、基本设施、特色设施和配套设施进行合理布局。最后，本文以上海市乡村公园规划建设为典型案例，对乡村公园的科学选址、特色营造、系统布局、土地利用、建设路径的方法进行论述，以期对广大乡村地区的公共空间规划建设提供借鉴。
关键词 城乡统筹，乡村公园规划体系，规划设计方法，建设路径
Abstract Under the background of ecological civilization and rural revitalization strategy, this paper conducts the survey of the construction status of ecological space in the rural areas of Shanghai and the recreation needs of rural residents. Based on the analysis, this paper proposes that the systematic planning and construction of rural parks is significant for improving the quality of rural ecology and public services and meeting residents` growing demands for beautiful ecological environment. Through the analysis of previous research and typical cases of country parks, this paper presents that rural parks have the characteristics of independence, openness, ecology and culture. Corresponding to the urban park system, the rural park system can be divided into regional level park, superior village level park and micro-village park according to its construction scale and service radius. The planning of rural park needs to meet the basic principles of ecological priority, demand orientation, adaptation to local conditions and resource integration, and make a rational layout of ecological landscape, basic facilities, special facilities and ancillary facilities. Finally, taking Shanghai`s rural park planning and construction as a typical case, this paper discusses the methods of scientific location, characteristic construction, systematic layout, land use and construction paths so as to provide reference for the planning and construction of public space in rural areas.
Keywords balancing urban and rural development, rural park planning system, planning and design method, construction path
来源：《城乡规划》2020 NO.4
