常规公交站点候车幸福感影响因素研究——以西安市为例
Factors Affecting Waiting Happiness at Regular Bus Stops: A Case Study of Xi'an
作者信息
沈丽娜 西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，西北大学城市与环境学院副教授
王笑 西北大学城市与环境学院硕士研究生
朱菁 西北大学陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，西北大学城市与环境学院副教授（通讯作者）
摘要 目前，中国大中城市的交通发展正在由最初强调设施供应转变为注重乘客出行体验，有关城市交通设施与居民幸福感互动关系的研究不断增多。在此背景下，本研究将“候车幸福感”这一概念引入城乡规划领域，探讨不同设施条件对乘客候车幸福感影响的差异性及其相互关系。笔者首先选取了西安市 18 个常规地面公交站点和 4 个轨交站点随机发放问卷，得到研究数据，随后通过建立情绪平衡量表（ABS）和多元回归模型的方法，得到影响乘客候车幸福感的因素。结果表明，在公交车站减小噪声、设置排队引导设施、安置座椅、建立候车区及引入售水设施等，都能使乘客的候车幸福感更强烈。最后基于这些结果进行讨论，从幸福感视角为城市交通相关政策制定和交通设施的精细化设计提供有益参考，以期对落实城市公共交通优先发展战略起到加强和促进作用。
关键词 候车幸福感，候车站点，公交设施
Abstract At present, the transportation development of China's large and medium-sized cities is shifting from the initial emphasis on the supply of facilities to the emphasis on passenger travel experience. There is an increasing number of studies on the interactive relationship between urban transportation facilities and residents' well-being. In this context, Academic research achievements on the interaction between urban transportation facilities and residents' happiness are increasing. According to the background, we introduced the concept of waiting happiness into the field of urban planning, and explored the relationship between station facilities and passengers' waiting happiness. In order to obtain research data, we selected 18 bus stops and 4 subway stations in Xi'an to distribute questionnaires.Then by using models of Affect Balance Scale (ABS) and multiple regression,we obtained the factors that affect passengers' waiting happiness. The results showed that reducing noise at bus stops, installing queue-guiding facilities, installing seats, setting up waiting area and installing water-selling devices can all make people happier while waiting. Finally, we put forward some suggestions in the urban transportation policy-making and traffic facilities design from the perspective of happiness, which are expected to promote the implementation of Public Transport Priority Development Strategy.
Keywords waiting happiness, bus stops and stations, public transit facilities
来源：《城乡规划》2021 NO.1/2
