山区乡村空心化的季节性变化及其影响机制分析——以西部A县为例
Research on the Seasonal Changes and Influencing Mechanism of Rural Hollowing in Mountainous Areas: Taking County A in West China as an Example
作者信息
张擎天 南京大学建筑与城市规划学院硕士研究生
罗小龙 南京大学建筑与城市规划学院教授(通讯作者)
彭海涛 重庆市规划和自然资源调查监测院高级工程师
顾宗倪 南京大学建筑与城市规划学院助理研究员
鲍紫藤 南京大学建筑与城市规划学院硕士研究生
摘要 本文依托西部 A 县 2016 年用电数据及相关经济社会发展统计数据，在 分析 A 县乡村空心化率空间分布的基础上，运用空间分析方法，研究 A 县乡村空 心化的季节性变化特征，并由此将 A 县村庄划分为常年“空心村”、常年活跃村、 季节性活跃村和季节性“空心村”四种不同类型，借助回归模型，探讨不同类型 的村庄形成的动力机制。研究发现，山区乡村空心化的空间分布具有三个特征: 第一，村庄空心化程度存在区域差异;第二，村庄月度空心化率有明显的季节性 波动特征，空心化率“低—低集聚区”与空心化率“高—高集聚区”的分布范围，会 随着时间的推移而变化;第三，村庄空心化的类型也存在多样化的特征，且其空 间分布与村庄面积、地形环境特征、企业数量、旅游资源分布等因素密切相关。
关键词 空心化率;季节性变化;空心化类型;驱动力;西部乡村
A b s t r a c t Based on the 2016 energy consumption data and related economic and social development statistics of county A in western China, this paper analyzes the seasonal change characteristics of rural hollowing in county A based on the spatial distribution of rural hollowing rate in county A, spatial analysis methods are used to analyze the seasonal change characteristics of rural hollowing in county A, and based on this divides the villages in county A into four different types: perennial hollow village, perennial active village, seasonal active village and seasonal hollow village, and then discusses the dynamic mechanism of the formation of different types of villages. The study found that the hollowing distribution of mountainous villages has the following characteristics: firstly, there are regional differences in the degree of village hollowing; secondly, the monthly hollowing rate of villages has obvious seasonal fluctuation characteristics. The distribution range of low hollowing rate-low agglomeration area and high hollowing rate-high agglomeration area will change over time; thirdly, the types of hollow villages also have diversified characteristics, and their spatial distribution is closely related to the social and economic development level, the area of the village, the characteristics of the terrain and the environment, the number of road traffic conditions, the number of enterprises, and the distribution of tourism industry development resources.
Keywords hollowing rate; seasonal change; hollowing type; driving force; western villages
来源：《城乡规划》2022 NO.2
